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Published: 12 December 2007

Greenhouse gas emissions in Finland 13 per cent above Kyoto base year

According to preliminary data calculated by Statistics Finland, greenhouse gas emissions in Finland totalled approximately 80 Mt of CO2 equivalent, which is 13 per cent more than in the base year of the Kyoto Protocol. Under the Kyoto Protocol, the base year for Finland is 1990, with the exception of so-called F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6) for which the base year is 1995. In the base year, emissions in Finland totalled 71 Mt of CO2 equivalent.

The Kyoto Protocol obliges Finland to keep emissions at the base year level over the 2008-2012 period. Estimated from the emissions in the base year, Finland's assigned amount of emissions for this period is 355 Mt of CO2 equivalent. Reporting of the assigned amount was reviewed in summer 2007 and the amount will be confirmed after consideration by the Compliance Committee of the Kyoto Protocol. Once confirmed, the assigned amount cannot be changed even if emissions in the base year would change in the national greenhouse gas inventory.

In 2006, emissions increased by 16 per cent from the year before when they were lower than in the base year. The largest amount, or approximately 80 per cent, of all emissions in Finland is generated by the energy sector. Emissions from this sector have varied considerably from one year to the next due, among other things, to the availability of hydro power and fluctuations in net imports of electricity.

Emissions have shown a rising trend of approximately 0.4 Mt CO2 growth per year. In the past five years, emissions have exceeded the Kyoto commitment by an average of 10 per cent. The main contributors to the excess are the energy industry with approximately 74 per cent growth and transport with around 13 per cent growth in emissions relative to the base year level. Emissions from industrial processes (up by 6%) and emissions of F-gases - eight-fold compared to the base year - have also grown but their impact on the growth of total emissions is smaller.

Emissions from own energy production in manufacturing and construction (-13%) the rest of the energy sector (-24%), as well as emissions from agriculture (-22%) and waste management (-38%) have decreased significantly from the base year. In recent years, no major changes have happened in emissions from these source categories.

The aforementioned total emissions and the assigned amount under the Kyoto Protocol exclude the emissions and sinks of the land use, land-use change and forestry sector. In Finland, this sector has been a net sink throughout the period of 1990 to 2006. In 2006, the net sink of this sector amounted to approximately 33 Mt CO2, which is over 40 per cent of Finland's total emissions. The net sink of the sector has grown due to increment of the growing stock of forests, so that its net sink for the past five years now exceeds its net sink for the first five years of the 1990s by approximately 20 per cent.

The impact of wood products on the net sink of the land use, land-use change and forestry sector is included in Finland's national inventory for the first time. On the average, wood products have been a small carbon sink in Finland: 0.8 Mt of CO2 equivalent per annum -2.1 Mt CO2 at its largest and, at 0.3 Mt CO2, the smallest emission source in 1991.

Figure 1. Development of greenhouse gas emissions by sector in Finland 1990-2006

Table 1. Greenhouse gas emissions (Tg CO2 equivalent) in Finland by sector 1990-2006 (exclusive of land use, land-use change and forestry sector, see Table 2)

Year Energy Industrial processes Solvents Agriculture Waste Total
   Energy
industry
Manufacturing and
construction
Transport Rest of energy
sector
Excl.
F- gases
F- gases         
1990 19 13.4 12.8 9.2 5.0 0.09 0.178 7.1 4.0 71
1991 19 12.9 12.5 8.9 4.6 0.07 0.171 6.7 4.0 69
1992 19 12.4 12.4 9.0 4.3 0.04 0.158 6.2 4.0 67
1993 21 12.5 12.0 8.6 4.3 0.03 0.150 6.2 4.0 69
1994 26 12.8 12.4 8.2 4.5 0.04 0.147 6.2 4.0 75
1995 24 12.3 12.2 7.8 4.5 0.10 0.143 6.3 3.9 71
1996 30 12.2 12.2 7.9 4.8 0.15 0.138 6.2 3.8 77
1997 27 12.4 12.8 7.9 5.0 0.24 0.136 6.2 3.7 76
1998 24 12.1 13.0 8.2 4.9 0.30 0.136 6.1 3.6 72
1999 24 12.1 13.2 7.9 5.0 0.40 0.135 5.9 3.5 72
2000 22 12.1 13.1 7.5 5.0 0.58 0.124 6.0 3.3 70
2001 28 11.6 13.3 7.7 5.0 0.73 0.121 5.8 3.2 75
2002 30 11.3 13.5 7.6 4.9 0.53 0.111 5.8 2.9 77
2003 37 11.7 13.7 7.6 5.2 0.71 0.104 5.7 2.8 85
2004 33 11.8 14.1 7.3 5.5 0.73 0.104 5.6 2.6 81
2005 22 11.5 14.1 7.1 5.3 0.89 0.105 5.6 2.4 69
2006 33 11.7 14.4 7.0 5.3 0.80 0.100 5.5 2.5 80

 

Table 2. Emissions and sinks (Tg CO2 equivalent) of the land use, land-use change and forestry sector in Finland 1990-2006

Year Forest land Cropland Grassland Peat extraction
areas
Wood products Total
1990 -23 7.4 -1.6 0.60 -0.9 -18
1991 -38 5.6 -0.6 0.61 0.3 -32
1992 -31 5.4 -0.4 0.63 -0.2 -26
1993 -30 5.4 0.3 0.64 -0.1 -24
1994 -23 5.2 1.3 0.66 -0.8 -17
1995 -23 6.9 1.1 0.67 -0.9 -15
1996 -32 7.1 0.6 0.68 -1.0 -25
1997 -25 6.7 1.0 0.69 -2.1 -19
1998 -23 6.1 1.7 0.69 -1.8 -16
1999 -25 5.8 2.4 0.70 -2.0 -18
2000 -27 5.3 3.0 0.69 -1.3 -19
2001 -31 5.1 3.2 0.68 -0.3 -23
2002 -32 4.6 2.7 0.71 -0.4 -24
2003 -32 4.2 3.0 0.65 -0.9 -25
2004 -33 3.9 3.2 0.71 -0.8 -26
2005 -38 3.6 2.3 0.75 -0.3 -32
2006 -41 3.2 3.8 0.74 -0.4 -33

 

Whole submission concerning 2006 (preliminary data for 2006)

Data release of Energy Statistics

Source: Greenhouse gas emissions in Finland 1990-2006. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report.

Inquiries: Ms Riitta Pipatti +358 9 1734 3543, Mr Kari Grönfors +358 9 1734 2728

firstname.lastname@stat.fi

Director in charge: Ms Kaija Hovi

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Last updated 12.12.2007

Referencing instructions:

Official Statistics of Finland (OSF): Greenhouse gases [e-publication].
ISSN=1797-6065. 2006. Helsinki: Statistics Finland [referred: 28.3.2024].
Access method: http://www.stat.fi/til/khki/2006/khki_2006_2007-12-12_tie_001_en.html